stderr

A: Process substitution is a feature of the Bash shell that allows a process's input or output to be redirected to a file-like construct, typically formatted as <(command)> or >(command). It lets you treat the output of a process as if it were a filename. This can be extremely useful in cases where a command expects a file as an argument rather than standard input or output. Q: How does capturing stderr work typically in Bash scripting? A: In Bash scripting, standard output (stdout) and standard error (stderr) are two separate streams of data. By default, they both print to the terminal, but they can be redirected separately.